Materials and Methods: In a randomized controlled clinical trial that performed in department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of Tabriz University of medical sciences on women with advanced pelvic organ prolapse without history of urinary incontinence. The effects of performing and not-performing of prophylactic surgery for urinary incontinence in women with advance pelvic organ prolapse evaluated.

Results: Mean age of patients was 53.83±5.52 year in the range of 41-66 year. Mean ICIQ-SF questionnaire scores at the first three questions in patients with pelvic organ prolapse with prophylactic surgery was 0.50±1.54 and in patients with pelvic organ prolapse without prophylactic surgery was 0.86±2.02. Significant difference was not found at the answers to the first question (P=0.507), the second question (P=0.415) and to the third question (P=0.445) ICIQ-SF questionnaire of in the patients advance pelvic organ prolapse underwent surgery for pelvic organ prolapse with and without prophylactic surgery.

Conclusion: As regards, a significant difference was not found in the prevention of urinary incontinence between groups with and without prophylactic surgery. Therefore, prophylactic surgery is not recommended routinely for all patients and only we will attempt to do this surgery in symptomatic patients and reduced the additional costs and complications associated with prophylactic surgery in other patients who actually did not need to do this surgery.