Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 48 female rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups, including G1 (i.e., sham), G2 (i.e., ovarian torsion/detorsion group), G3 (i.e., ovarian torsion/detorsion group treated with 30 mg/kg of eugenol), G4 (i.e., healthy group treated with 30 mg/kg of eugenol). After covering a treatment period of ten days, the ovarian tissue was collected for the histological analysis, the measurement of ER, FSHR, and LHCGR expression, as well as the assessment of testosterone, LH, FSH, and estrogen levels in blood serum.

Results: Histological evaluation revealed the damage to ovarian tissue, the reduced oocyte, and the granulosa cell diameter in the torsion/detorsion group. However, the treatment with eugenol mitigated this damage. Eugenol administration increased the levels of estrogen, LH, and FSH, but it decreased the testosterone levels in the treated group. Moreover, the expression of ER, FSHR, and LHCGR was upregulated in the treated groups. Administration of eugenol was associated with an enhanced fertility.

Conclusions: It was concluded that eugenol administration may have been effective in protecting the ovarian tissue from the damage caused by torsion/detorsion. Furthermore, eugenol was found to have the potential to modulate hormonal profiles and regulate the expression of ER, FSHR, and LHCGR, thereby contributing to an increased fertility.